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Introduction: The poor health of prisoners in penitentiaries demonstrates a very favorable condition for the spread of the virus. Objective: To revise in the scientific literature the actions carried out by health professionals in prison units to face COVID-19. Method: Scoping review, guided by the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and structured from the acronym Population, Concept, and Context. The searches were carried out in 11 databases, with the inclusion criteria being studies in English, Portuguese, and Spanish; publications in 2019/2020 and available in full. For the selection of studies, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews flowchart was used. A total of 1,624 studies were found, of which 13 were eligible for the review. Results: From the analysis of the studies, two categories emerged: the first, diagnosis/control, which presented as proposed strategies isolation, screening, improvement of basic sanitation, education, social distancing, use of personal protective equipment, reinforcement of ventilation measures and the use of remote connection; and, the second, treatment that encompassed screening, support, and medicalization of the relevant symptoms of the pathology linked to emotional assistance. Conclusion: the analyses carried out indicate the need to develop a standard operating procedure that systematizes assistance, including prevention, diagnosis/control, and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 within the penitentiary system, briefly presenting priority actions to be carried out, emergencies needed and the flow in the services of the care network of the health systems.
ABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo Construir e validar material educativo com orientações para autocuidado domiciliar no pós-operatório de cirurgias ginecológicas. Métodos Estudo metodológico, com coleta efetuada em agosto de 2019, em hospital universitário, por meio da seleção de conteúdo, adaptação da linguagem, inclusão de ilustrações, construção de manual piloto, layout e validação do manual piloto por seis juízes especialistas e 11 mulheres em pós-operatório de cirurgias ginecológica. Utilizaram-se o formulário semiestruturado Suitability Assessment of Materials e o Instrumento de Validação de Conteúdo Educativo em Saúde, para o grupo de juízes, e o formulário semiestruturado e o Suitability Assessment of Materials, para o público-alvo. Análises foram efetuadas mediante estatística descritiva, cálculo do instrumento Suitability Assessment of Materials e do Coeficiente de Validade de Conteúdo do Instrumento de Validação de Conteúdo Educativo em Saúde, além da análise de conteúdo. Resultados A cartilha continha oito páginas com orientações sobre motilidade intestinal, manejo da dor, retorno às atividades da vida diária, mecânica corporal, alimentação, prevenção de tromboembolismo venoso, alívio de náusea/vômito, atividade sexual, cuidados com a ferida operatória, sintomatologia e uso de cinta elástica abdominal. Sua validação foi classificada pela maioria dos juízes e pelo público-alvo como "superior". As sugestões dos juízes foram analisadas e incorporadas à versão final, e o público-alvo considerou o material esclarecedor, acessível e necessário. A diagramação contribuiu com a avaliação superior da cartilha. Conclusão A cartilha educativa mostrou-se um instrumento válido e confiável para ser utilizado na promoção da saúde de mulheres quanto aos cuidados durante o período pós-operatório de cirurgias ginecológicas no ambiente domiciliar.
Resumen Objetivo Elaborar y validar material educativo con instrucciones para el autocuidado domiciliario en el posoperatorio de cirugías ginecológicas. Métodos Estudio metodológico, cuya recopilación se realizó en agosto de 2019 en un hospital universitario, mediante la selección de contenido, adaptación del lenguaje, inclusión de ilustraciones, elaboración de manual piloto, diseño y validación del manual piloto por seis jueces especialistas y 11 mujeres en posoperatorio de cirugías ginecológicas. Se utilizó el formulario semiestructurado Suitability Assessment of Materials y el Instrumento de Validación de Contenido Educativo en Salud para el grupo de jueces, y el formulario semiestructurado y el Suitability Assessment of Materials, para el público destinatario. Los análisis fueron realizados mediante estadística descriptiva, cálculo del instrumento Suitability Assessment of Materials y del Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido del instrumento de Validación de Contenido Educativo en Salud, además del análisis de contenido. Resultados La cartilla contenía ocho páginas con instrucciones sobre motilidad intestinal, manejo del dolor, retorno a las actividades cotidianas, mecánica corporal, alimentación, prevención de tromboembolismo venoso, alivio de náuseas/vómitos, actividad sexual, cuidados con la herida quirúrgica, sintomatología y uso de faja elástica abdominal. La validación fue clasificada como "superior" por la mayoría de los jueces y por el público destinatario. Las sugerencias de los jueces fueron analizadas e incorporadas en la versión final, y el público destinatario consideró que el material es esclarecedor, accesible y necesario. La maquetación contribuyó con la evaluación superior de la cartilla. Conclusión La cartilla educativa demostró ser un instrumento válido y confiable para utilizarse en la promoción de la salud de mujeres con relación a los cuidados durante el posoperatorio de cirugías ginecológicas en el ambiente domiciliario.
Abstract Objective To build and validate educational material with guidelines for home self-care in the postoperative period of gynecological surgeries. Methods This is a methodological study, collected in August 2019, at a university hospital, through content selection, language adaptation, inclusion of illustrations, building of a pilot manual, layout and validation of a pilot manual by six expert judges and 11 women in the postoperative period of gynecological surgeries. The semi-structured form Suitability Assessment of Materials and the Educational Content Validation Instrument in Health were used, for the group of judges, and the semi-structured form and the Suitability Assessment of Materials, for the target audience. Analyzes were performed using descriptive statistics, calculation of the Suitability Assessment of Materials instrument and the Content Validity Coefficient of the Educational Content Validation Instrument in Health, in addition to content analysis. Results The booklet contained eight pages with guidelines on intestinal motility, pain management, return to activities of daily living, body mechanics, food, prevention of venous thromboembolism, nausea/vomiting relief, sexual activity, surgical wound care, symptoms and use elastic waistband. Its validation was classified by most judges and by the target audience as "superior". Judges' suggestions were analyzed and incorporated into the final version, and the target audience considered the material to be enlightening, accessible and necessary. The layout contributed to superior assessment of the booklet. Conclusion The educational booklet proved to be a valid and reliable instrument to be used in promoting the health of women regarding care during the postoperative period of gynecological surgeries in the home environment.